// ---- licence ----
// MIT License
//
// Copyright (c) 2021 utah-MFDA
// Copyright (c) 2026 Gale Lab, University of Utah
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
// ---- end of licence ----
// =============================================================================
// ethyl_reroute.scad: a standalone copy
//
// This file renders on its own, on a computer with no other file. Its design
// is flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/ethyl_reroute.scad
// in the public openmfda_flow repository
// (https://github.com/utah-MFDA/openmfda_flow, MIT licence, below), commit
// cc5dfc5 (2026-05-29), unchanged except that its `use` lines are now
// comments: the OpenSCAD libraries they named are copied in at the end,
// between BEGIN and END markers.
//
// Inlined: the library this design was laid out with, from openmfda_flow
// commit cc5dfc5:
//   h.r.3.3_merged.scad   flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/h.r.3.3_merged.scad
//                         git blob 0cc9ba52f7
//   routing.scad          flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/routing.scad
//                         git blob c301e2014f
//   polychannel_v2.scad   flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/polychannel_v2.scad
//                         git blob 49fcfa0b66
//   lef_scad_config.scad  flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/lef_scad_config.scad
//                         git blob 543022e065
//   lef_helper.scad       flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/lef_helper.scad
//                         git blob 2ea70f2611
//
// Until 2026-10-02 this file inlined the h.r.3.3 PDK's library
// (https://github.com/utah-MFDA/h.r.3.3_pdk, commit 99da458) in its place,
// which is not the library the design was laid out with.
//
// How: `use <X>` imports X's modules and functions, keeps X's top-level
// variables and $-settings to X, and never runs X's other top-level
// statements. A pasted copy would run and share them, so each library below
// keeps all of its text and its line numbers, and only these lines are
// commented out, each tagged where it stands (line numbers are the library's
// own, counted from its BEGIN marker):
//   //[use: never run]  top-level statements other than definitions: the
//                       libraries' own examples, tests and echoes
//   //[use: X only]     a $-setting or variable that under `use` held only
//                       inside library X; a variable is commented out only
//                       where this file already assigns it the same value
//   //[inlined]         the use/include lines of the files now inlined
//   h.r.3.3_merged.scad:
//     [inlined] lines 1-3, 3253-3255, 6472-6474, 9664-9666, 12966-12968,
//       16277-16279, 19588-19590, 22899-22901, 26210-26212, 29521-29523,
//       32832-32834, 36143-36145, 39454-39456, 42771-42773, 46064-46066
//     [use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lines 5-7, 3257-3259, 6476-6478,
//       9668-9670, 12970-12972, 16281-16283, 19592-19594, 22903-22905,
//       26214-26216, 29525-29527, 32836-32838, 36147-36149, 39458-39460,
//       42775-42777, 46068-46070
//         px = 7.6e-3; layer = 10e-3; lpv = 20; each time
//         (this file assigns px, layer, lpv above, to the same values)
//     [use: never run] line 7472
//   polychannel_v2.scad:
//     [use: polychannel_v2.scad only] line 18
//     [use: never run] lines 20-21, 136-146, 155-156, 767-769, 771-773,
//       775-780, 782, 784-785
//   lef_helper.scad:
//     [inlined] line 2
//     [use: never run] lines 82-83, 85-86
// In h.r.3.3_merged.scad, 14 of these statements start after the closing brace
// of the module before them, on the same line (lines 3253, 6472, 9664, 12966,
// 16277, 19588, 22899, 26210, 29521, 32832, 36143, 39454, 42771, 46064); there
// the tag stands after the brace, which stays.
// Nothing else in this file or in the libraries changed.
//
// h.r.3.3_merged.scad defines 61 modules more than once, as the flow's copy
// does; as under `use`, OpenSCAD uses the last definition of each.
//
// Checked: OpenSCAD 2021.01 renders this file alone, with no warning, and the
// design with these five library files beside it, to the same solid, facet for
// facet.
//
// The inlined libraries' licence (openmfda_flow's LICENSE):
//
// MIT License
//
// Copyright (c) 2021 utah-MFDA
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
// copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
// SOFTWARE.
// =============================================================================
//[inlined] use <./h.r.3.3_merged.scad>
//Routing library
//[inlined] use <./routing.scad>
//Additional includes
//[inlined] use <./polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <./lef_scad_config.scad>
//[inlined] use <./lef_helper.scad>

px = 0.0076 ;
layer = 0.01 ;
lpv = 20 ;

// options

show_lefs=false ;


difference() {
    if($preview) {
        %cube([2550*px,1600*px,230*layer]);
    } else {
        cube([2550*px,1600*px,230*layer]);
    }
    union() {

// Components
// mix0
diffmix_25px_0(xpos = 1290.0, ypos = 420.0, zpos = 70, orientation = "S");
// mix1
diffmix_25px_0(xpos = 1290.0, ypos = 840.0, zpos = 70, orientation = "N");
// serp0
p_serpentine_1(xpos = 30.0, ypos = 0.0, zpos = 70, orientation = "N", L1=360, L2=30, turns=46 );
// serp1
p_serpentine_0(xpos = 1200.0, ypos = 420.0, zpos = 70, orientation = "FS", L1=60, L2=30, turns=10 );
// serp2
p_serpentine_0(xpos = 1380.0, ypos = 840.0, zpos = 70, orientation = "FN", L1=30, L2=30, turns=1 );


    
// PINS
    polychannel_route("out",
    ["PIN"], ["net", "out"],
[["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [12.084, 5.7, 2.3000000000000003], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [12.084, 5.7, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);

    polychannel_route("soln1",
    ["PIN"], ["net", "soln1"],
[["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [7.98, 5.016, 2.3000000000000003], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [7.98, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);

    polychannel_route("soln2",
    ["PIN"], ["net", "soln2"],
[["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [8.664, 5.016, 2.3000000000000003], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [8.664, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);

    polychannel_route("soln3",
    ["PIN"], ["net", "soln3"],
[["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [9.348, 5.016, 2.3000000000000003], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [0.1, 0.1, 0.1], [9.348, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
polychannel_route("connect0",
        [["serp0", "out_fluid"], ["mix0", "a_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.456, 0.23009, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.456, 0.23009, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.456, 3.192, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.456, 3.192, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26, 3.192, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26, 3.192, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26, 3.42, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("connect1",
        [["serp1", "out_fluid"], ["mix0", "b_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26209, 3.648, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26209, 3.648, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.648, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.648, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.648, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.648, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.42209, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [11.628, 3.42209, 0.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("connect2",
        [["serp2", "out_fluid"], ["mix1", "a_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.716, 6.61409, 0.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.716, 6.61409, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.716, 6.84, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.716, 6.84, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 6.84, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 6.84, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 6.84, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 6.84, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 6.84, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("connect3",
        [["mix1", "b_fluid"], ["mix0", "out_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 6.612, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 6.612, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 6.612, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 6.612, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 3.42, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.804, 3.42, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 3.42, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.02991, 3.42, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("out",
        [["PIN", "out"], ["mix1", "out_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 5.7, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 5.7, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 6.84, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 6.84, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 6.84, 1.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [12.084, 6.84, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26209, 6.84, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.26209, 6.84, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("soln1",
        [["PIN", "soln1"], ["serp0", "in_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.45391000000000004, 0.228, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.228, 0.228, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.228, 3.42, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [0.228, 3.42, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [6.84, 3.42, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [6.84, 3.42, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [6.84, 3.42, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [6.84, 3.42, 1.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [6.84, 3.42, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [7.98, 3.42, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [7.98, 3.42, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [7.98, 5.016, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [7.98, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("soln2",
        [["PIN", "soln2"], ["serp1", "in_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 3.87809, 0.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 3.87809, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 1.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 4.788, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [8.664, 4.788, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [8.664, 4.788, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [8.664, 5.016, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [8.664, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        polychannel_route("soln3",
        [["PIN", "soln3"], ["serp2", "in_fluid"], ],
        [],
[["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.016, 2.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.016, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.472, 2.15], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.472, 1.95], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.472, 1.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [9.348, 5.472, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 5.472, 1.55], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 5.472, 1.35], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 5.472, 1.1500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 5.472, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 6.60991, 0.9500000000000001], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
 ["cube", [14*px, 14*px, 10*layer], [10.944, 6.60991, 0.75], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]]
);
        
} // end union
} // end difference

if($preview) {
    %interconnect_32channel(1275.0, 800.0, 230);
} else {
    interconnect_32channel(1275.0, 800.0, 230);
}

// ===== BEGIN h.r.3.3_merged.scad: openmfda_flow cc5dfc5, flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/h.r.3.3_merged.scad (git blob 0cc9ba52f7; it has no final newline, and one is added here) =====
//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    // Channel Dimensions
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 10;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]], // 0
            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]], // 1
                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    } // end module orient
    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    //if (orientation == "N"){
    //    translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    //if (orientation == "FN"){
    //    mirror([1, 0, 0])
    //    translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj([1, 0, 0]);
    //}
    //if (orientation == "S"){
    //    mirror([0, 1, 0])
    //    translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    //if (orientation == "FS"){
    //    mirror([1, 0, 0])
    //    mirror([0, 1, 0])
    //    translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj([1, 0, 0]);
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    // Channel Dimensions
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 4;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]], // 0
            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]], // 1
                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    } // end module orient
    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    //if (orientation == "N"){
    //    translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    //if (orientation == "FN"){
    //    mirror([1, 0, 0])
    //    translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj([1, 0, 0]);
    //}
    //if (orientation == "S"){
    //    mirror([0, 1, 0])
    //    translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    //if (orientation == "FS"){
    //    mirror([1, 0, 0])
    //    mirror([0, 1, 0])
    //    translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    //    obj();
    //}
    
}

//[use: never run] diffmix_25px_0(0,0,0,"N");

module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    translate([0, 0, layer*24])
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj([1, 0, 0]);
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 5;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 4;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown")
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown",
    show_lef=false
    )
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
    
    module lef_() {
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [23, 23, 37, 37]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [turns*L2+23, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+23, turns*L2+37, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+37]) ;
    }
    
    if (show_lef)
        lef_() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      translate([(2*xpos+L2*turns+pitch*2)*px, 0, 0])
      mirror([1,0,0])
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      translate([0, (2*ypos+L1+pitch*2)*px, 0])
      mirror([0,1,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown",
    show_lef=false
    )
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
    
    module lef_() {
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [23, 23, 37, 37]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [turns*L2+23, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+23, turns*L2+37, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+37]) ;
    }
    
    if (show_lef)
        lef_() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}//[inlined] use <routing.scad>
//[inlined] use <polychannel_v2.scad>
//[inlined] use <lef_helper.scad>

//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] px = 7.6e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] layer = 10e-3;
//[use: h.r.3.3_merged.scad only] lpv = 20;
module serpentine_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-6*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_150px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [180*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-180*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-8*30*px - xpos*px, -8*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200_100px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],                 
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [120*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-120*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]],
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -6*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_200px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){      
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-240*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [7*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-240*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-10*30*px - xpos*px, -10*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [30*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-3*30*px - xpos*px, -3*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-14*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_300px_4(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px+30*px, 23*px, 0]){     
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [-30*px, 0, lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+x", 30*px, 0],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 2*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 3*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [11*30*px, 0, 4*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, -30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yz", [-360*px, lpv*layer], [1, 2]]
                        ]
            );
            routing(
                dimm = [
                        [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]],
                        [[0, 14*px], [0, 14*px], [0, 0]]
                        ],
                p0 = [0, 0, 5*lpv*layer],
                pf = [
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [360*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                        ["+yx", [-360*px, 25*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                        ]
            );
        }
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-15*30*px - xpos*px, -14*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module serpentine_50px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, ren_lef=false){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [60*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-60*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-4*30*px - xpos*px, -4*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    module lef() {
        
        lef_size(120,120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 90, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 29.5, 30.5, 30.5]);
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]);
    }
    
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module serpentine_75px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    module obj(){
        translate([23*px, 23*px, 0])       
        routing(
            dimm = [
                    [[0, 0], [0, 14*px], [0, 10*layer]],
                    [[0, 14*px], [0, 0], [0, 10*layer]]
                    ],
            p0 = [0, 0, 0],
            pf = [
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [-90*px, 30*px], [1, 0]],
                    ["+yx", [90*px, 30*px+14*px], [1, 0]]
                    ]
        );
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        translate([-5*30*px - xpos*px, -5*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module diffmix_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, lpv=20){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    
    obj_layer = 3;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+16*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [23*px, 30*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [42.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    module orient()
    {
        if (orientation == "N"){
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, 30*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "FS"){
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([30*px + xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children();
        }
        if (orientation == "S"){
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            mirror([0, 1, 0])
            translate([-2*30*px - xpos*px, -2*30*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
            children() ;
        }
    }    
    translate([0,0,obj_layer*lpv*layer])
    orient()
    obj() ;
    
    
}
module junction_25px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
      
    hchan = 10*layer;
    Wchan = 14*px;

    dim  = [
            [[0,0],[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2,Wchan/2],[0,0],[0,hchan]],                    
           ];
    
    module obj(){
        pi_0 = [-7*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_0 = [Wchan+11*px, 0, 0];
        connect_0 = [
                     ["+x", pf_0, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
        
        pi_1 = [-7*px, 0*px, 0];
        pf_1 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_1 = [
                     ["+x", pf_1, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_1, connect_1, dim);

        pi_2 = [18*px, 25*px, 0];
        pf_2 = [Wchan, 0, 0];
        connect_2 = [
                     ["+x", pf_2, 0]
                    ];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
  
        pi_3 = [0, 0, 0];
        pf_3 = [35.4*px, 0, 0];
        connect_3 = [
                     ["+x", pf_3, 0]
                    ];
        rotate(45)
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);  
        
    }
    
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "N"){
        mirror()
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, 25*px + ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([25*px + xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        translate([-2*25*px - xpos*px, -2*25*px - ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module mixer_test (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, 
    sw_scale=1, stl_dir="./",
    pitch=30, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, layers_offset=20)
{
    module obj()
    {
        cad_file = "mixer_sw_test.STL";
        import(str(stl_dir, cad_file));
        
    }
    
    translate(sw_scale*[(pitch-7)*px, (pitch-7)*px, layers_offset*layer])
        scale([sw_scale, sw_scale, sw_scale])
            obj();
        
}
module directional_res_1000nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", p1_offset=[0,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module directional_res_400nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
    translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
    p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
        size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
        center=true, clr="gray",
        px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_600nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px,0,0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module directional_res_800nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
    port_len = 25 ;
translate([(port_len+7)*px, 0, 0])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="x-", p2_dir="x+", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[13,(res_h-10)/2], p2_offset=[13,-(res_h-10)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=0, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(210, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 120]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_1000ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation)
{
    
    res_h = 176 ;

p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=0, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
}
module bidirectional_res_400ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 70 ;

port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_600ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 104 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module bidirectional_res_800ul(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, ren_lef=false)
{
    
    res_h = 140 ;
port_len = 10 ;
translate([0,0,(port_len)*layer])
p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z-", p2_dir="z-", port_len1=port_len, p1_offset=[0,(100-14)/2], p2_offset=[0,-(100-14)/2], 
    size=[100, 100, res_h ], edge_rounding=0.2, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(150, 150) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 115, 115]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 29.5, 73.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [72.5, 114.5, 73.5, 115.5]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_100nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=150,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(240, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 210, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 59.5, 210.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module inline_res_40nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_60nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=90,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 59.5, 150.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module inline_res_80nl(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    /*
    
    
    */
    translate([0,7*px,0])
    p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r=30, chm_h=20, chm_len=120,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=22, 
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-5, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(210, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 180, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1") 
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [179.5, 59.5, 180.5, 60.5]) ;
        
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_20px4way_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    h_fluid = 2*layer;
    t_memb = layer;
    h_air = 4*layer;
    h_total = h_fluid + t_memb + h_air;    d_valve = 20*px;
    
    xychan0 = 6*px;
    xychan = 8*px;
    hchan = 5*layer;
    hchan_px = 8*px;
    wchan = 8*px;

    dimm        =   [  
                        [[0, 0], [-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, hchan]],                        [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],                        [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, hchan_px], [0, 0]],                    ];
                    
    overlap_v_xy  = 2*px;
    
    module obj(){
        color("CadetBlue")
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_fluid);
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        translate([0,0,h_fluid + t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d_valve, h = h_air);    
            
        pt_fluid_in         = [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_in_next    = [
                                ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
        pt_fluid_out        = [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
        pt_fluid_out_next   = [
                                ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                              ];
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        
        rotate(90){
            pt_fluid_in         =   [0, -d_valve/2 + overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_in_next    =   [
                                        ["+y", -21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_in,pt_fluid_in_next, dimm);
        
            pt_fluid_out        =   [0, d_valve/2 - overlap_v_xy, 1*layer - hchan];
            pt_fluid_out_next   =   [
                                        ["+y", 21*px, 1],
                                    ];
            
            routing(pt_fluid_out,pt_fluid_out_next, dimm);
        }
        
        pt_air_control      = [-d_valve/2 - xychan/2 + 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_control_next = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, -21*px]],
                              ];
        
        color("Red")
        routing(pt_air_control,pt_air_control_next, dimm);
        
        pt_air_flush        = [d_valve/2 + xychan/2 - 6*px, 0, h_total];
        pt_air_flush_next   = [
                                ["+zx", [9*layer, 21*px]],
                              ];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pt_air_flush,pt_air_flush_next, dimm);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([-25*px*2 - ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, 25*px*2 + xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        mirror([1, 0 , 0])
        rotate(270)
        translate([25*px*2 + ypos*px, -25*px*2 - xpos*px, 4*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module valve_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=20, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=44, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=12, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=6, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
        offset_layers=5, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("blue")
        lef_size(180, 180);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
    
}
module valve_80px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([1*px,0,0])
    p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=true,
        out_len=27, fl_extra_sp = 4, fl_chan_down_layers=10, 
        pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
        extra_sp = 0,
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=5,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module valve_80px_4way_0 (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([7*px,-3*px,0])
    p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
        valve_r=40, mem_th=1, fl_chm_h=3, pn_chm_h=6, inport_center=false,
        pn_up_layers=15,
        fl_out_len=27, pn_out_len=-3, 
        fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, 
        px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, offset_layers=-10,
        no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(190, 190);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("a_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("b_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("c_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT",  [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("d_fluid", "INOUT", "RECT", [89.5, 149.5, 90.5, 150.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("in_air", "INPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 59.5, 90.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 119.5, 90.5, 120.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 150, 150]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [60, 60, 120, 120]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module optical_measure_100_5ch(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, pitch=30, lpv=20, fn=30, offset_layer=0, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,0,15*layer])
    optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=5, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, pitch=pitch, fn=30, offset_layer=offset_layer,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=true, flip_z=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_20_40_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,9*px,-10*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=40, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=15,
    pn_out_len=25, ends_ex_len=32.5,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=8, dwn_chan_w=10,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(320, 165) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,300,150]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5, 89.5, 30.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [299.5, 89.5, 300.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [89.5,149.5,90.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [164.5,149.5,165.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "rect", [239.5,149.5,240.5,150.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [89.5,29.5,90.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [164.5,29.5,165.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "rect", [239.5,29.5,240.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_20px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, offset_layers=10,ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,-0*px,0])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=30, ends_ex_len=22,
    pn_out_len=22, 
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge", 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=offset_layers,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(300, 130) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("rect",  [30,30,270,100]);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_in", "INPUT", "rect", [29.5,64.5,30.5,65.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("fluid_out", "OUTPUT", "rect", [269.5,64.5,270.5,65.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_a", "OUTPUT", "rect", [79.5,99.5,80.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_b", "OUTPUT", "rect", [149.5,99.5,150.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_out_c", "OUTPUT", "rect", [219.5,99.5,220.5,100.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_a", "INPUT", "rect", [79.5,29.5,80.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_b", "INPUT", "rect", [149.5,29.5,150.5,30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("air_in_c", "INPUT", "rect", [219.5,29.5,220.5,30.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef();
}
module pump_40px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, ren_lef=false)
{
    translate([0,1*px,-7*layer])
    p_pump (xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=20, r2=20, r3=20,
    th1=0.6, th2=0.6, th3=0.6,
    fl_h1=3.1, fl_h2=3.1, fl_h3=3.1,
    pn_h1=4, pn_h2=4, pn_h3=4,
    len_sp=20,
    pn_out_len=17, ends_ex_len=30,
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill-edge",
    dwn_chan_h=5, dwn_chan_w=6,
    port_chan_h=10, port_chan_w=14,
    px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=5, chan_w=8, shape="cube", pitch=pitch, 
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false) ;
    module lef()
    {
        color("yellow")
        lef_size(290, 135);
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT",  [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [269.5, 59.5, 270.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [89.5, 29.5, 90.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("a_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [89.5, 89.5, 90.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [149.5, 29.5, 150.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("b_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [149.5, 89.5, 150.5, 90.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_in_air", "INPUT", "RECT",   [209.5, 29.5, 210.5, 30.5]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_port("c_out_air", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [209.5, 89.5, 210.5, 90.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 270, 90]) ;
    }
    if (ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module pump_40px_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_DC = 40*px;    t_m_DC = layer;    h_f_DC = 3*layer;    h_c_DC = 6*layer;    d_v = 20*px;    t_m_v = layer;    h_f_v = 2*layer;    h_c_v = 4*layer;    dist_v2v = d_DC + d_v + 40*px;    dist_v2chan = 5*layer;    
    xychan0 = 6*px;  
    hchan = 10*layer;
    wchan = 12*px;
    xychan = 12*px;
    Wchan = 14*px;
    Hchan = 25*layer;
    hchan2 = 10*layer;
    ochan = 70*px;


    dim  = [
            [[0, 0], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, hchan]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan]],            [[-xychan/2, xychan/2], [-xychan/2, xychan/2], [0, 0]],            [[-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [-xychan0/2, xychan0/2], [0, 0]],            [[-wchan/2, wchan/2], [0, 0], [0, hchan2]],            [[-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [-Wchan/2, Wchan/2], [0, 0]],           ];
    
    module valve(d, h_bot, h_top, t_memb){ 
        /*
        d :         diameter of the valve
        h_bot:      bottom chamber height
        h_top:      top chamber height
        t_memb:     membrane thickness
        */    
        
        color("SteelBlue")
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_bot, $fn = 100);
        
        color("CadetBlue")
        translate([0, 0, h_bot+t_memb])
        cylinder(d = d, h = h_top, $fn = 100);    
    }
    
    module obj(){
        valve(d_DC, h_f_DC, h_c_DC, t_m_DC);
        
        for (j = [0:1]){
            mirror([0, j, 0]){
                translate([0, dist_v2v/2, 0])
                
                valve(d_v, h_f_v, h_c_v, t_m_v);
                
                pi_0 = [0 , d_DC/2 - xychan/2, 0];
                pf_0 = [0, dist_v2v/2, 0];
                connect_0 = [
                             ["+z", -(dist_v2chan+hchan), 2],
                             ["yz", pf_0, [4,3]]
                            ];
                routing(pi_0, connect_0, dim);
            }
        
        }
        pi_1_0 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_0 = [["+x", -57*px, 0]];
        color("Red")
        routing(pi_1_0, connect_1_0, dim);
        
        pi_1_1 = [0, 50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_1_1 = [["+x", 57*px, 0]];
        color("Blue")
        routing(pi_1_1, connect_1_1, dim);
        
        pi_2 = [-57*px, -50*px, 7*layer];
        connect_2 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_2, connect_2, dim);
        
        pi_3 = [-57*px, 0, 10*layer];
        connect_3 = [["+x", 114*px, 0]];
        routing(pi_3, connect_3, dim);
        
        pi_4 = [0, 59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_4 = [["+yz", [16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_4, connect_4, dim);
        
        pi_5 = [0, -59*px, -9*layer];
        connect_5 = [["+yz", [-16*px, -4*layer], [1, 5]]];
        routing(pi_5, connect_5, dim);
    }
    
    if (orientation == "N"){
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
        if (orientation == "FN"){
        mirror()
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([-75*px - ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "FS"){
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, 100*px + xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    if (orientation == "S"){
        mirror()
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
        rotate(a = 270)
        translate([75*px + ypos*px, -100*px - xpos*px, 13*layer + zpos*layer])
        obj();
    }
    
}
module p_serpentine_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=1, rot=0, clr="RosyBrown",
    show_lef=false
    )
{
  module obj()
  {
    p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+20, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=1, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
  }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      mirror([0,0,0])
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
    
    module lef_() {
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [23, 23, 37, 37]) ;
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [turns*L2+23, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+23, turns*L2+37, ((turns+1)%2)*L1+37]) ;
    }
    
    if (show_lef)
        lef_() ;
}
module p_serpentine_1(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=2, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_2(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj()
    {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=3, rot=true,
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }
    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_3(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=74)
{
    module obj() {
      p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos+28+lpv, orientation,
      L1=L1, L2=L2, turns=turns, chan_layers=4, rot=true, 
      px=px, layer=layer, lpv=lpv, chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w, pitch=pitch) ;
    }

    if(orientation == "N"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "S"){
      obj() ;
    }
    else if(orientation == "FN") {
      obj() ;
    }
    else
      obj() ;
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module interconnect_32channel(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    gasket_side_length = 40*px;
    gasket_aperture_length = 20*px;
    gasket_height = 1*layer;

    gasket_grid = [2, 2];
    block_gasket_offset = 155*px;
    block_height_default = 200*layer;
    block_long_side = 600*px;
    block_short_side = 399*px;
    gasket_offset = 50*px;

    pedestal_x = 780*px;
    pedestal_y = 380*px;
    pedestal_height = 100*px;

    channel_width_thick = 20 * px;
    channel_width_default = 12*px;

    module zchan(l, xy = channel_width_default) {
        color("lightblue")
        translate([-xy / 2, -xy / 2, 0]) {
            if (l < 0)
                mirror([0, 0, 1])
            cube([xy, xy, -l]);
            else
            cube([xy, xy, l]);
        }
    }

    module gasket(
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        height=gasket_height
        ){

            gasket_width = (gasket_side_length - aperture_side_length)/2;
            difference(){
                cube([gasket_side_length, gasket_side_length, height]);
                translate([gasket_width, gasket_width, 0])
                    cube([aperture_side_length, aperture_side_length, height]);
        }
    }

    module interconnect(
        gasket_grid=gasket_grid,
        gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, 
        aperture_side_length=gasket_aperture_length, 
        gasket_height=gasket_height,
        gasket_offset = gasket_offset,
        block_gasket_offset=block_gasket_offset,
        block_height=block_height_default,
        block_long_side=block_long_side,
        block_short_side=block_short_side,
        ccim=false,        for_interface_chip=false        ){
        gasket_group_x_lenght = gasket_grid[1] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[1]-1) * gasket_offset;
        gasket_group_y_lenght = gasket_grid[0] * gasket_side_length + (gasket_grid[0]-1) * gasket_offset;
        x_centering_offset = gasket_group_x_lenght/2;
        y_centering_offset = gasket_group_y_lenght/2;
        if (ccim){
            cube([1, 1, 1]);        }
        else {
            flip_angle = for_interface_chip ? 180:0;
            diff_interface_blocks = for_interface_chip ? 0:50*layer;
            rotate([flip_angle, 0, 0]){
                translate([-x_centering_offset, -y_centering_offset, 0]){
                    for (row=[0:gasket_grid[1]-1]){
                        for (col=[0:gasket_grid[0]-1]){
                            translate([(gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*row, (gasket_side_length + gasket_offset)*col, 0])
                            if (for_interface_chip){
                                %gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                            else {
                                gasket(gasket_side_length=gasket_side_length, aperture_side_length=aperture_side_length, height=gasket_height);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                translate([x_centering_offset + block_gasket_offset, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
                translate([-x_centering_offset - block_gasket_offset - block_short_side, -block_long_side/2, -pedestal_height])
                    cube([block_short_side, block_long_side, block_height - diff_interface_blocks]);
            }
        }
    }

    module corner_connections(){
        for (row=[0.5, 1.5]) {
            for (col=[-0.5, -1.5, -2.5, -3.5]) {
                x_offset_outchan = col*gasket_side_length + col*gasket_offset;
                y_offset_outchan = row*gasket_side_length + row*gasket_offset;
                translate([x_offset_outchan, y_offset_outchan, 0])
                    zchan(pedestal_height+gasket_height, xy=channel_width_thick);
            }
        }
    }

    module obj(){
        difference(){
            translate([-pedestal_x/2, -pedestal_y/2, 0])
                cube([pedestal_x, pedestal_y, pedestal_height]);
            corner_connections();
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0, 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([0, -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
            translate([4*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), -2*(gasket_side_length+gasket_offset), 0]){
                corner_connections();
            }
        }

        translate([0, 0, pedestal_height])
            interconnect(gasket_grid=[4, 8], for_interface_chip=false);
        }

    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer]){
        obj();
    }
        
}
module pinhole_325px_0(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation){
    
    d_pin   = 140*px;    l_pin   = 260*px;    h_cone  = 67*px;    
    module obj(){
        rotate([-90, 0, 0]){
            translate([0, 0, l_pin]){
                cylinder(h = h_cone, d1 = d_pin, d2 = 0);
            }
        cylinder(d = d_pin, h = l_pin);
        }
    }
    
    if (orientation == "bottom"){
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "left"){
        rotate([0, 0, -90])
        translate([-ypos*px, xpos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "top"){
        rotate([0, 0, -180])
        translate([-xpos*px, -ypos*px, zpos*layer + 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }
    
    if (orientation == "right"){
        rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([ypos*px, -xpos*px, zpos*layer+ 5 * layer])
        obj();
    }

}
module empty_obj(str_obj){
    
}
module in_line_membrane(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len  = 30, pn_out_len=30, 
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, $fn=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
            chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=mem_r*px, center=true);
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [-(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, 0, chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [(mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
        
        z_chan_offset = (fl_chm_h+pn_chm_h+mem_th-chan_h/2)*layer;
        
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, -(mem_r+fl_out_len)*px, z_chan_offset], [0,[0,0,1]] ],
        ["cube", chan_dimm, [0, (mem_r+fl_out_len)*2*px, 0], [0,[0,0,1]], ]]);
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([(mem_r+fl_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, (mem_r+pn_out_len+chan_w/2)*px, 0])
            obj();
    
}
module marker(xpos, ypos, zpos){
    marker_height = 80*layer;
    marker_diameter = 200*px;
    
    module obj(){
        cylinder(h = marker_height, d = marker_diameter);
    }

    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos]){
        obj();
    }
}
module multi_in_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    num_inputs, input_sp, chm_h, chm_l,
    chan_out_w, chan_out_h, has_nozzle=false, nozzle_l,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, rot=false,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false
)
{
    chm_w = (input_sp*(num_inputs-1)+chan_w)*px;
    chm_l_s1 = (has_nozzle?chm_l - nozzle_l:chm_l);
    chm_l_s2 = (has_nozzle?nozzle_l:0);
    chan_in_l  = 30*px;
    chan_out_l = 30*px;

    
    module obj(){
        translate([0,(chm_l-chm_l_s1)/2*px,0])
        cube([chm_w, 
            chm_l_s1*px, 
            chm_h*layer], center=true) ;
        translate([chm_w/2-chan_w/2*px, chm_l/2*px, 0])
            for(i = [0:num_inputs-1])
                translate([-input_sp*px*i, chan_in_l/2, 0])
                    cube([chan_w*px, chan_in_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
        if(has_nozzle)
        {
            polychannel(
                [["cube", [chm_w, px/10, chm_h*layer], [0,-(chm_l/2-chm_l_s2)*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
                ["cube", [chan_w*px, px/10, chan_h*layer],  [0,-chm_l_s2*px,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]]);
        }
        translate([0,-chm_l*px/2-chan_out_l/2, 0])
            cube([chan_w*px, chan_out_l, chan_h*layer], center=true);
    }
    
    x_off = chm_w/2;
    y_off = chan_out_l+chm_l*px/2;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,0])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off),(rot?x_off:y_off),chm_h*layer/2])
            rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj() ;
    if (floor_area)
        color("blue")
        translate([0,0,-layer/10])
            cube([(pitch*2+chm_l)*px+chan_in_l+chan_out_l,
                    (pitch*2)*px+chm_w,
                    (layer/10)]);
}
module optical_view(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r_ch=20, i_depth=10, d_depth=6, d_ch_distance=10, num_of_ch=5, init_path_len=27,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, pitch=30, fn=30, offset_layer=0,
   chan=[10, 10, 14], shape="cube", center_chambers=false, flip_z=false, ren_lef=false)
{
    r_chpx = r_ch*px ;
    ipx_dpth = i_depth*layer ;
    dpx_dpth = d_depth*layer ;
    dist_ch= d_ch_distance*px ;
    
    num_ch = num_of_ch ;
    
    i_dimm = [chan[0]*px, chan[1]*px, ipx_dpth] ;
    nr = [0,[0,0,1]] ;
    
    cc = 3;
    
    i_path_len = init_path_len * px;
    
    module obj()
    {
        for(i = [0:num_ch-1])
        {
            translate([i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch),0,(center_chambers?-dpx_dpth*i/2:0)])
            cylinder(r=r_chpx, h=ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i, $fn=fn) ;
            
            d1  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*i] ;
            d2  = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], ipx_dpth+dpx_dpth*(i+1)] ;
            
            pt1 = [
                r_chpx+i*(2*r_chpx+dist_ch)+cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?
                    i_dimm[2]/2:
                    i_dimm[2]/2+dpx_dpth/2*i)] ;
            pt2 = [
                dist_ch+i_dimm[0]/2-cc*px, 
                0, 
                (center_chambers?-dpx_dpth/2:0)+dpx_dpth/2] ;
            
            if(i < num_ch-1)
                polychannel([
                    [shape, d1, pt1, nr],
                    [shape, d2, pt2, nr],
                ]) ;
            polychannel([[shape, i_dimm, [-r_chpx,0,i_dimm[2]/2], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [-i_path_len,0,0], nr]]) ;
            
            f_dimm = [i_dimm[0], i_dimm[1], i_dimm[2]+(num_ch-1)*dpx_dpth] ;
            f_pt = 
                [(r_chpx*2+dist_ch)*(num_ch-1)+r_chpx-i_dimm[0]/2, 0, center_chambers?i_dimm[2]/2:f_dimm[2]/2] ;
            
            polychannel([[shape, f_dimm, f_pt, nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, (center_chambers?0:-f_dimm[2]/2+i_dimm[2]/2)], nr],
                [shape, i_dimm, [i_path_len/2, 0, 0], nr]]) ;
        }
    }
   
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, 0])
    translate([pitch*px, pitch*px, offset_layer*layer])
    translate([0,(30)*px-r_chpx,lpv*3*layer])
    mirror([0,0,(flip_z?1:0)])
    translate([i_path_len+r_chpx+i_dimm[0]/2, r_chpx, 0])
    obj();
    
    module lef()
    {
        lef_size(360, 120) ;
        
        lef_layer("met1")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met2")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met3")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met5")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met6")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met7")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met8")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        lef_layer("met9")
        lef_obs("RECT", [30, 30, 330, 90]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("in_fluid", "INPUT", "RECT", [29.5, 59.5, 30.5, 60.5]) ;
        
        lef_layer("met4")
        lef_port("out_fluid", "OUTPUT", "RECT", [329.5, 59.5, 330.5, 60.5]) ;
    }
    if(ren_lef)
        lef() ;
}
module p_chamber(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    chm_r, chm_h, chm_len=0,
    conn_ch_w=14, conn_ch_h=10, conn_ch_l=20, 
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=50,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
    {
        
        module obj(){
        c_px_len = chm_len*px;
        c_px_r   = chm_r*px;
        c_lay_h  = chm_h*layer;
        
        real_conn_h = (conn_ch_h>chm_h?chm_h:conn_ch_h);
        
        if(chm_len > 2*chm_r)
        {
            
            translate([c_px_len/2-c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            translate([-c_px_len/2+c_px_r, 0, 0])
                cylinder(c_lay_h, r=c_px_r, center= true) ;
            cube([c_px_len-c_px_r*2, c_px_r*2, c_lay_h], center= true) ;
        }
        else{
            cylinder(chm_h*px, r=chm_r*px, center= true) ;
        }
        translate([-c_px_len/2-conn_ch_l*px/2+c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        translate([c_px_len/2+conn_ch_l*px/2-c_px_r/2, 0, 0])
            cube([conn_ch_l*px+c_px_r, conn_ch_w*px, real_conn_h*layer], center=true);
        
        }
        
        x_off = chm_len/2*px+conn_ch_l*px ;
        y_off = chm_r*px ;
        
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        translate([(rot?y_off:x_off), (rot?x_off:y_off), chm_h/2*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
            mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
            mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
        
    }
module pinhole(d=106*layer, l=200*px, orth=0, ychan_z_angle=0) {
    rotate([-90, 0, orth]){
        union(){
            cylinder(d = d, h = l, $fn = 100);
            translate([0, 0, l])
                cylinder(h=300*px, r1=d/4, r2=2*layer, $fn = 100);
        }
    }
}
module p_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    r1=46, r2=46, r3=46,
    th1 = 10, th2 = 10, th3 = 10,
    fl_h1=10, fl_h2=10, fl_h3=10,
    pn_h1=14, pn_h2=14, pn_h3=14,
    len_sp=30, pn_out_len=20, 
    fl_extra_sp=4, pn_extra_sp="fill",
    fl_out_h=10, pn_out_h=10, ends_ex_len=10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    port_chan_h=0, port_chan_w=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false){
    
    module obj() {
        r_max = max(r1, r2, r3);
    
        
        dimm  = [chan_w*px,chan_w*px,chan_h*layer] ;
        dimmp = [port_chan_w*px,port_chan_w*px,port_chan_h*layer] ;
        pt0_0 = [chan_w/2*px,(r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt0_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        
        pt1_0 = [
            (r1*2+r2*2+r3*2+len_sp*3+ends_ex_len+chan_w/2)*px,
            (r_max-chan_w/2+pn_out_len)*px,
            chan_h/2*layer] ;
        pt1_1 = [ends_ex_len*px,0,0] ;
        translate([(ends_ex_len+chan_w)*px, 0,0]){
        translate([0,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r1, 
            mem_th=th1,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h1, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h1, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r1+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            flip_fl=true,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0
            );
        translate([(r1*2+len_sp)*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r2, 
            mem_th=th2, 
            fl_chm_h=fl_h2, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h2, 
            inport_center=false,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r2+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            fl_extra_sp="fill",
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        translate([((r1*2+len_sp)+(r2*2+len_sp))*px,0,0])
            p_pvalve(0,0,0,"N",
            valve_r=r3, 
            mem_th=th3,
            fl_extra_sp=fl_extra_sp,
            fl_chm_h=fl_h3, 
            pn_chm_h=pn_h3, 
            inport_center=true,
            pitch=0,
            fl_out_len=len_sp/2,
            pn_out_len=r_max-r3+pn_out_len,
            rot_pn=false,
            pn_extra_sp=pn_extra_sp,
            fl_out_h=fl_out_h,
            px=px,
            layer=layer,
            chan_h=chan_h, chan_w=chan_w,
            dwn_chan_h=dwn_chan_h, dwn_chan_w=dwn_chan_w,
            offset_layers=0);
        }
        polychannel(
        [[shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt0_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, dimm, pt0_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
        polychannel(
        [[shape, dimm, pt1_0, [0,[0,0,1]]],
        [shape, (port_chan_w==0 || port_chan_h==0?dimm:dimmp), pt1_1, [0,[0,0,1]]],]) ;
    }
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
        obj() ;
}
module p_pvalve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false, 
    fl_out_len=20, pn_out_len=20,
    fl_out_h  =10, pn_out_h  =10,
    dwn_chan_h=0, dwn_chan_w=0,
    fl_extra_sp = 0, pn_extra_sp = 0, rot_pn="true",
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10, $fn=30, flip_fl=false,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
   
    
    module obj()
    {
        chan_dimm     = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        chan_dimm_dwn = [dwn_chan_w*px, dwn_chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
                (fl_out_len>fl_extra_sp?(valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px)
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
                abs(fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px
            :            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
            (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
            
        
        if(flip_fl)
        {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [-inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [-outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        } else {
        polychannel(
            [
            [shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn), [inp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, (dwn_chan_h==0 || dwn_chan_w==0?chan_dimm:(inport_center?chan_dimm:chan_dimm_dwn)), 
            [outp_pos,0,-chan_h*layer/2], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]); 
        }
        
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_x_offset = (valve_r+fl_out_len)*px;
    tran_y_offset = (valve_r+pn_out_len)*px;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,offset_layers*layer])
    translate([
        (rot?tran_y_offset:tran_x_offset),
        (rot?tran_x_offset:tran_y_offset),
        (fl_out_h+chan_h)*layer])        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_serpentine_obj(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:-1)*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:-1)*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_serpentine(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation, L1, L2, turns,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false, report_len=false, chan_layers=2, clr="RosyBrown", layer_offset=20, alt=0, rot=0)
{
    module obj(orientation){
        i_len = [[[[[0,0,0], [L1*px,0,0]]]]];
        pts = 
        
            (alt?concat(i_len,[for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns-1)]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?-1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?L1:-L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,(j%2?0:-L2)*px,0],
                    [(j%2?0:L1)*px,0,0],
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ])
            :
                [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                    concat((j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*i_len[0],
                    [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:(turns))]) [                    
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?1:(turns%2?1:-1))*(i%2?-L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[
                    [0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]]) ]
            );
                
        /*pts = [for(j=[1:chan_layers])
                [[for (i=[1:(j%2?turns:turns)]) [
                    [0,(j%2?(i==1?0:L2):-L2)*px,0], 
                    [(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0], 
                    [0,(j%2?L2:-L2)*px,0], 
                    [-(j%2?L1:L1)*px,0,0]
                    ]], 
                [[[0,0,(j==chan_layers?0:lpv*layer)]]]] ];*/
                
        pts_c = [for(i=[0:len(pts)-1]) 
                    for(j=[0:len(pts[i])-1]) 
                        for(k=[0:len(pts[i][j])-1]) 
                            for(l=[0:len(pts[i][j][k])-1]) pts[i][j][k][l]];
        
        poly_pts = [for(i=[0:len(pts_c)-1])
            [shape, [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pts_c[i], [0,[0,0,1]]] ];
        
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="S"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="FS"||orientation=="S"?1:0), 0])
        mirror([0,(rot?1:0),0]) rotate([0,0,(rot?-90:0)])
        translate([-L1*px/2, -L2*px*(turns)/2, 0])
            polychannel(poly_pts, clr=clr) ;
    }
    
    x_off = L1/2*px+(pitch+chan_w/2)*px;
    y_off = L2*px*(turns)/2+(pitch)*px;

    if(!no_obj)
        translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*px])
            translate((rot?[y_off, x_off, chan_h/2*layer]:[x_off, y_off, chan_h/2*layer+layer_offset*layer])-[(rot?0:1),(rot?1:0),0]*chan_w*px/2)
                obj(orientation);
    
    if(floor_area && floor_area != "transparent"){
        translate([xpos*px-chan_w/2*px, ypos*px-chan_w/2*px, zpos*px]){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch)*px, (pitch)*px,-layer/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
        }
    }
    if (report_len) {
        len_of_serp = (L1*(turns+1) + L2*turns)*chan_layers*px + 
        (chan_layers-1)*lpv*layer ;        
        echo("serpentine length", len_of_serp) ;
    }
    if(floor_area == "transparent"){
        color("blue")
        translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px,-layer/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w)*px, L2*px*(turns)+chan_w*px, layer/10]);
        color("red")
        translate([0, 0,-layer*2/10])
            %cube([(L1+chan_w+pitch*2)*px, L2*px*(turns)+(chan_w+pitch*2)*px, layer/10]);
    }
}
module p_squeeze_pump(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    valve_sp=30,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 14, pn_len = 40, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    module obj() {
        
        p_squeeze_valve(0,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            no_out_transition=true,
            no_in_transition=true);
        p_squeeze_valve((valve_sp+pn_ch_w)*px*2,0,0,"N",
            mem_th, fl_chm_h,
            fl_ext_len=fl_ext_len,
            fl_tran_len=fl_tran_len,
            fl_ext_th_len=fl_ext_th_len,
            pn_ch_w=pn_ch_w,
            pn_pad=pn_pad,
            pn_len=pn_len,
            pitch=0, 
            offset_layers=offset_layers,
            px=px, layer=layer,
            pn_bttm_chm_h=pn_bttm_chm_h,
            no_in_transition=true);
    }
    
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        obj();
}
module p_squeeze_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mem_th, fl_chm_h,
    fl_ext_len=30, fl_tran_len=5, fl_ext_th_len=4, 
    pn_ch_w=14, pn_pad = 10, pn_len = 30, pn_bttm_chm_h=20, 
    no_out_transition=false, no_in_transition=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    no_rot = [0,[0,0,1]];
    
    pn_chan_dimm = [pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    pn_chm_offset= (mem_th*2+fl_chm_h)*layer;
    pn_chm_h = pn_bttm_chm_h;
    
    ifl_chan_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer] ;
    fl_chan_dimm  = [px, chan_w*px, fl_chm_h*layer] ;
    
    module obj() {
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len*px,0], no_rot],
            [shape, pn_chan_dimm, [0,2*pn_len*px,0], no_rot]
        ]);
        translate([0,(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        translate([0,-(chan_w/2+pn_pad)*px,-pn_chm_offset/2-chan_h/2*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, chan_w*px, pn_chm_offset], center=true);
        bttm_chm_l = (chan_w*2+pn_pad*2);
        translate([0,0,-pn_chm_offset-(chan_h/2+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cube([pn_ch_w*px, bttm_chm_l*px, pn_chm_h*layer], center=true);
        
        
        fl_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th+fl_chm_h/2)*layer ;
        fl_pt_1 = (fl_ext_len-fl_tran_len-pn_ch_w/2-fl_ext_th_len)*px ;
        
        polychannel([
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [-fl_ext_len*px, 0, -fl_z_offset], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_in_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, fl_chan_dimm, [(pn_ch_w+fl_ext_th_len*2)*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_tran_len*px, 0,0], no_rot],
            [shape, (no_out_transition?fl_chan_dimm:ifl_chan_dimm), [fl_pt_1, 0,0], no_rot],
            
        ]);
    }
    
    obj_z_offset = (chan_h/2+mem_th*2+fl_chm_h+pn_bttm_chm_h)*layer ;
    obj_x_off = (fl_ext_len+0.5)*px ;
    obj_y_off = (pn_len+chan_w/2)*px ;
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([xpos, ypos, zpos])
    translate([(rot?obj_y_off:obj_x_off),(rot?obj_x_off:obj_y_off),obj_z_offset])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        obj();
    
}
module p_tall_mixer(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    mix_l, mix_w, mix_h,
    chan_io_len=20, chan_tran_len=10, mix_z_offset=0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, 
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    chan_io_dimm = [px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
    chan_mix_dimm= [px, mix_w*px, mix_h*layer] ;
    
    init_l_offset = (chan_io_len+chan_tran_len+mix_l/2);
    
    module obj() {
        polychannel([
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [-init_l_offset*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[chan_tran_len*px, 0, mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_mix_dimm,[mix_l*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_tran_len*px, 0, -mix_z_offset*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ["cube", chan_io_dimm, [chan_io_len*px, 0, 0], [0,[0,0,1]]],
        ]) ;
    }
    
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, 0])
        translate([init_l_offset*px, chan_w/2*px, mix_h/2*layer])
            obj();
    
}
module p_valve_4way(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, 
    inport_center=false, 
    out_len=30, fl_out_h=10, fl_out_len=10, pn_out_len=10,
    fl_extra_sp=10, pn_extra_sp=10, pn_up_layers=10, rot_pn=false,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{
    
    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?
                -(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
                -((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        
            
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_out_len)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (fl_out_len-fl_extra_sp)*px:
                (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(fl_out_len+1)*px:
                    (valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-fl_extra_sp+fl_out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,inp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-fl_len_0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,outp_pos,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_out_h*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,fl_len_1,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(valve_r+chan_w/2-4)*px:
                (valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px));
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?
            (pn_out_len+1)*px:
            (pn_extra_sp=="fill-edge"?(pn_out_len-chan_w+4)*px:
                (valve_r*3/4-chan_w+pn_out_len)*px));
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,(pitch-chan_w/2)*px,layer*offset_layers])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(20+chan_h)*layer])
        obj();
}
module p_valve(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    valve_r, mem_th, fl_chm_h, pn_chm_h, inport_center=false,
    out_len=30, fl_extra_sp = "fill", fl_chan_down_layers=30, pn_extra_sp="fill", pn_chan_up_layers=30, rot_pn=false,
    extra_sp = 0,
    px=7.6e-3, layer=10e-3, lpv=20, chan_h=10, chan_w=14, shape="cube", pitch=30, offset_layers=10,
    rot=false, no_obj=false, floor_area=false)
{

    module obj()
    {
        $fn=30;
        chan_dimm = [chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer];
        translate([0,0,fl_chm_h/2*layer])
            cylinder(fl_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        translate([0,0,(fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h/2)*layer])
            cylinder(pn_chm_h*layer, r=valve_r*px, center=true);
        
        
        inp_pos = (inport_center?
            0:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?-(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:-((valve_r/4+fl_extra_sp)*px)));
        outp_pos= (inport_center?
            (valve_r-chan_w/2+fl_extra_sp)*px:
            -inp_pos);
        
        fl_len_0 = (inport_center?
            (valve_r/2+chan_w-extra_sp+out_len)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        fl_len_1 = (inport_center?
            (out_len-chan_w/4-fl_extra_sp)*px:
            (fl_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w/2-extra_sp+out_len)*px));
        
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [inp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [-fl_len_0,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [outp_pos,0,-chan_h/2*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,-fl_chan_down_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [fl_len_1,0,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        
        init_z_off = (fl_chm_h+mem_th+pn_chm_h+chan_h/2)*layer;
        pn_pos_lat = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(valve_r-chan_w/2-1)*px:(valve_r/4+chan_w/2)*px);
        pn_len     = (pn_extra_sp=="fill"?(out_len+1)*px:(valve_r*3/4-chan_w+out_len)*px);
        
        rotate([0,0,(rot_pn?90:0)])
        {
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        polychannel(
            [[shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_pos_lat,init_z_off], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,0,pn_chan_up_layers*layer], [0,[0,0,1]]],
            [shape, chan_dimm, [0,-pn_len,0], [0,[0,0,1]]]
        ]);
        }
    }
    
    tran_offset = (out_len+valve_r)*px;
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, offset_layers*layer])
    translate([tran_offset,tran_offset,(fl_chan_down_layers+chan_h/2)*layer])
        rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
        mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
        mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
            obj();
}
module p_reservoir(xpos, ypos, zpos, orientation,
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1, p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0], 
    size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, 
    center=true, clr="gray",
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, chan_w=14, chan_h=10, rot=false, pitch=30, layer_offset=10, $fs=0.04, $fa=1)
{
    n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
    
    translate([xpos*px, ypos*px, zpos*layer])
    translate([(pitch-chan_w/2)*px, (pitch-chan_w/2)*px, layer_offset*layer])
    translate(n_size/2)
    rotate([0,0,(rot?90:0)])
    mirror([(orientation=="FN"||orientation=="FS"?1:0),0,0])
    mirror([0,(orientation=="S"||orientation=="FS"?1:0), 0])
        reservoir(size=size, edge_rounding=edge_rounding,
    p1_dir=p1_dir, p2_dir=p2_dir, port_len1=port_len1, port_len2=port_len2, p1_offset=p1_offset, p2_offset=p2_offset,
    chan_w=chan_w, chan_h=chan_h,
    center=center, clr=clr, px=px, layer=layer, $fs=$fs, $fa=$fa) ; 
}
module reservoir(size=[300, 300, 250], edge_rounding=0.5, center=true, clr="gray",
    p1_dir="z+", p2_dir="z+", port_len1=50, port_len2=-1,
    p1_offset=[0,0], p2_offset=[0,0],
    chan_w=14, chan_h=10, 
    px=0.0076, layer=0.010, $fs=0.04, $fa=1) {
	module obj() {
        n_size = [size[0]*px, size[1]*px, size[2]*layer];
        translate = (center == false) ?
		[edge_rounding, edge_rounding, edge_rounding] :
		[
			edge_rounding - (n_size[0] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[1] / 2),
			edge_rounding - (n_size[2] / 2)
	];

    color(clr){
        translate(v = translate)
        minkowski() {
            cube(size = [
                n_size[0] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[1] - (edge_rounding * 2),
                n_size[2] - (edge_rounding * 2)
            ]);
            sphere(r = edge_rounding);
        }
    }
    }
    module port (side, port_len=50, from_center=true, x_off=0, y_off=0)
    {
        i_orient = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[-1,0,0]*px,[0,-1,0]*px,[0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="y"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                    :[[0,-1,0]*px, [1,0,0]*px, [0,0,1]*layer]
                ):
            (side[0]=="z"?
                (side[1]=="+"?
                    [[0,0,1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                    :[[0,0,-1]*layer, [1,0,0]*px, [0,1,0]*px]
                )
                :"error")));
        
        
        i_pt_s = 
            (side[0]=="x"?
                size[0]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="y"?
                size[1]/4
                :
            (side[0]=="z"?
                size[2]/4
                :"error")));
                
        pt0 = i_orient[0]*i_pt_s+i_orient[1]*x_off+i_orient[2]*y_off;
        pt1 = i_orient[0]*(port_len)+i_orient[0]*i_pt_s;
        polychannel([
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt0, [0,[1,0,0]]],
            ["cube",[chan_w*px, chan_w*px, chan_h*layer], pt1, [0,[1,0,0]]]
            ], clr="crimson");

    }
        %obj() ;
        port(p1_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p1_offset[0], y_off=p1_offset[1]) ;
        if(port_len2 >= 0)
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len2, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
        else
            port(p2_dir, port_len=port_len1, x_off=p2_offset[0],  y_off=p2_offset[1]) ;
            
}
// ===== END h.r.3.3_merged.scad =====
// ===== BEGIN routing.scad: openmfda_flow cc5dfc5, flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/routing.scad (git blob c301e2014f) =====
//multiply_string("xyz",3) ---> "xyzxyzxyz"
function multiply_string(string, n) = (n == 0 ? "":str(string, multiply_string(string, n-1)));


//multiply_vector([0,2,1],4) ---> [0,2,1,0,2,1,0,2,1,0,2,1]
function multiply_vector(vector, n) = (n == 0 ? []:concat(vector, multiply_vector(vector, n-1)));

//multiply_vector2: (input vector must be of length 2)
//multiply_vector_2([10,20], 5, +1) ---> [10,20,10,-20,10,20,10,-20,10,20]
//multiply_vector_2([10,20], 5, -1) ---> [10,-20,10,20,10,-20,10,20,10,-20]
function multiply_vector_2(vector, n, start) = (n == 0 ? []:concat([vector[0],vector[1]*start], multiply_vector_2(vector, n-1,-start)));


//Generates a vector that allows to create a serpentine when used as part of the routing module input parameters
function serpentine_for_routing(n, serp_l1, serp_l2, channels = [1,0] , orient= "yx", start = +1) =
         [str("+",multiply_string(orient, n)),multiply_vector_2([serp_l2,serp_l1], n, start),multiply_vector(channels, n)];







module  channel(first_point,length, dimmensions, color_channel, endings = [[0,0],[0,0]]){

    ending_0 = sign(length) >= 0 ? endings[0][0]:endings[0][1];
    ending_1 = sign(length) >= 0 ? endings[1][1]:endings[1][0];


    translate(first_point)
    color(color_channel){

        if (dimmensions[0] == [0,0]){

            wchan = abs(dimmensions[1][1] - dimmensions[1][0]);
            hchan = abs(dimmensions[2][1] - dimmensions[2][0]);

            translate([ending_0,dimmensions[1][0],dimmensions[2][0]])
            mirror([sign(length)-1,0,0])
            cube([abs(length)+ abs(ending_0)+abs(ending_1),wchan, hchan]);


        }
        else if (dimmensions[1] == [0,0]){

            wchan = abs(dimmensions[0][1] - dimmensions[0][0]);
            hchan = abs(dimmensions[2][1] - dimmensions[2][0]);

            translate([dimmensions[0][0],ending_0,dimmensions[2][0]])
            mirror([0,sign(length)-1,0])
            cube([wchan, abs(length)+abs(ending_0)+abs(ending_1), hchan]);

        }
        else if (dimmensions[2] == [0,0]){

            wchan = abs(dimmensions[0][1] - dimmensions[0][0]);
            hchan = abs(dimmensions[1][1] - dimmensions[1][0]);

            translate([dimmensions[0][0],dimmensions[1][0],ending_0])
            mirror([0,0,sign(length)-1])
            cube([wchan, hchan, abs(length)+abs(ending_0)+abs(ending_1)]);

        }
    }
}

function xyz_idx(string, index) = (string[0] == "+") ? ((string[index+1] == "x")? 0:((string[index+1] == "y") ? 1:2)) : ((string[index] == "x")? 0:((string[index] == "y") ? 1:2));


module routing(p0 ,pf ,dimm, routing_color = "RosyBrown", endings = [[[0,0],[0,0],[0,0]],[[0,0],[0,0],[0,0]]],index = 0, sub_index = 0, def = [0,1,2]){


    if (pf[index][0][0] == "+"){

        if(pf[index][0][sub_index + 1] == "x"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef) ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][sub_index];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[0]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];

            if(len(pf[index][0])-1 == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],endings[1][0]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][0];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [length,0,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][0];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [length,0,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }
        }
        /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        else if(pf[index][0][sub_index + 1] == "y"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef) ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][sub_index];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[1]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];

            if(len(pf[index][0])-1 == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],endings[1][1]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][1];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [0,length,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][1];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [0,length,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }
        }
        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        else if(pf[index][0][sub_index + 1] == "z"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef) ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][sub_index];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[2]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];

            if(len(pf[index][0])-1 == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],endings[1][2]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][2];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [0,0,length],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][2];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [0,0,length],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }

        }

    }
    else{

        if(pf[index][0][sub_index] == "x"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][0]) - p0[0];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[0]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];
            //echo(sub_index);
            if(len(pf[index][0]) == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],endings[1][0]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][0];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [length,0,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][0];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][0],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [length,0,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }
        }
        /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        else if(pf[index][0][sub_index] == "y"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][1]) - p0[1];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[1]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];

            if(len(pf[index][0]) == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],endings[1][1]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][1];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [0,length,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][1];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][1],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [0,length,0],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }
        }
        //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
        else if(pf[index][0][sub_index] == "z"){

            length      =(pf[index][1][sub_index] == undef ?  pf[index][1]:pf[index][1][2]) - p0[2];
            chan_dimm   = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[2]:(!is_list(pf[index][2]) ? pf[index][2]:pf[index][2][sub_index])];

            if(len(pf[index][0]) == sub_index + 1){

                if (len(pf)-1 == index){


                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],endings[1][2]]);
                }
                else{

                    ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index+1][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index+1][0],0)]:(!is_list(pf[index+1][2]) ? pf[index+1][2]:pf[index+1][2][0])][2];

                    channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],ending_2]);
                    routing(p0 + [0,0,length],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index+1,0,def);
                }
            }
            else{

                ending_2 = dimm[(pf[index][2] == undef) ? def[xyz_idx(pf[index][0],sub_index+1)]:pf[index][2][sub_index+1]][2];
                channel(p0,length, chan_dimm, routing_color, [endings[0][2],ending_2]);
                routing(p0 + [0,0,length],pf, dimm, routing_color,[chan_dimm,endings[1]], index, sub_index+1,def);
            }

        }



    }

}
// ===== END routing.scad =====
// ===== BEGIN polychannel_v2.scad: openmfda_flow cc5dfc5, flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/polychannel_v2.scad (git blob 49fcfa0b66; it has no final newline, and one is added here) =====
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ General purpose multi-segment channel module: polychannel.
/
/ Given a list of sizes and positions, a series of connected channels is constructed
/ using the hull() operation to connect sequential pairs of cubes with specified
/ size and position as given in the sizes and positions list.
/
/ Rev. 1, 9/28/22, by G. Nordin - Initial version
/ Rev. 1.5, 9/29/22, by Dallin Miner - Modify to select sphere as well as cube shapes
/ Rev. 2, 10/1/22, by G. Nordin - Generalize to include rotation of shapes
/ Rev. 3, 10/4/22, by G. Nordin
/ Rev. 4, 10/5/22, by G. Nordin - Add uniformly_increase functions
/ Rev. 4.1, 10/7/22, by G. Nordin - Add rot_* functions
/ Rev. 4.2, 10/12/2, by G. Nordin - Add cube_shape(), sphere_shape()
/ Rev. 4.3, 10/12/2, by G. Nordin - Add arc_xy, arc_xz, arc_yz and associated functions
/ Rev. 4.4, 10/12/2, by G. Nordin - Clean up example code
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
//[use: polychannel_v2.scad only] $fn=50;

//[use: never run] echo();
//[use: never run] echo();


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// polychannel module.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// This is the module that should always be used. It is set by default to operate on
// shape-position lists that use relative positions for the elements.

function insert(list,value,position) = 
    let (l1 = partial(list,0,position-1), 
    l2 = partial(list,position,len(list)-1)) 
    concat(add_value(l1,value),l2);

//function _get_last_absolute_value(p, n, a_flag_ind) = 
//    for(i=[n:-1:0]) [(p[i][pos_index]

function _extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed(p, n, a, pos_index=3) = [
    for (i=[a:1:n]) p[i][pos_index]
];

function rel_to_abs_position_oneline_mixed(p, line_index) = (p[line_index][0] == "r"?[
    //p[line_index][0],
    p[line_index][1],
    p[line_index][2],
    _add_list_of_vecs(_extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed(p, line_index, _get_last_abs_index(p,line_index)[line_index])) ,
    p[line_index][4]]
    :
    [
    p[line_index][1],
    p[line_index][2],
    p[line_index][3],
    p[line_index][4]]);
    

function _extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed2(p, n, a, ind, pos_index=3) = [
    for (i=[a[ind]:1:n]) p[i][pos_index][ind]
];
   
function rel_to_abs_position_oneline_mixed2(p, line_index) = [
    //p[line_index][0] == "r"?[
    //p[line_index][0],
    p[line_index][1],
    p[line_index][2],
    [for(i=[0:1:2]) _add_list_of_vecs(_extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed2(p, line_index, _get_last_abs_index2(p,line_index+2)[line_index], i)) ],
    p[line_index][4]];
    //:
    //[
    //p[line_index][1],
    //p[line_index][2],
    //p[line_index][3],
    //p[line_index][4]]);


// unused ------------
function _get_last_abs_pos(p,n,i_val=0,a_ind=0,abs_ind=0,pos_ind=3) = (i_val==n?[p[a_ind][pos_ind]]:
    (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="a"?
        concat([p[a_ind][pos_ind]],_get_last_abs_pos(p,n,i_val+1,i_val)):
        concat([p[a_ind][pos_ind]],_get_last_abs_pos(p,n,i_val+1,a_ind))
    )
    );
// ------------
    
function _get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val=0,a_ind=[0,0,0],abs_ind=0,pos_ind=3) = (i_val==n?[a_ind]:
    (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="a"?
        let(nv=[i_val,i_val,i_val]) concat([nv],_get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val+1,nv)):
         (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="ax"?
         let(nv=[i_val,a_ind[1],a_ind[2]]) 
            concat([nv],_get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val+1,nv)):
          (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="ay"?
          let(nv=[a_ind[0],i_val,a_ind[2]]) 
            concat([nv],_get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val+1,nv)):
          (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="az"?
          let(nv=[a_ind[0],a_ind[1],i_val]) 
            concat([nv],_get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val+1,nv)):
           concat([a_ind],_get_last_abs_index2(p,n,i_val+1,a_ind))
    )))));

function _get_last_abs_index(p,n,i_val=0,a_ind=0,abs_ind=0,pos_ind=3) = 
    (i_val==n?[a_ind]:
    (p[i_val][abs_ind]=="a"?
        concat(i_val,_get_last_abs_index(p,n,i_val+1,i_val)):
        concat(a_ind,_get_last_abs_index(p,n,i_val+1,a_ind))
    ));


params_absolute = [
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["a", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [3, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [8, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [4, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
];

params_absolute2 = [
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2],  [0, 0, 5], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //0
    ["az", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 5, 1], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //1
    ["ay", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 0, 2], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //2
    ["ax", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [3, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //3
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2],  [0, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //4
    ["ax", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [8, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //5
    ["a", "cube", [1, 1, 2],  [4, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //6
    ["r", "cube", [1, 1, 2],  [4, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]], //7
];



params_relative = [
    ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [3, 3, 3], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["g2z", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 0, 2], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["g2y", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 4, 1], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["g2x", "cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
    ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [3, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
];

//[use: never run] let(p=params_absolute2, line_index=7) 
//[use: never run] {
//[use: never run]     s4 = [for(i=[0:2]) _extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed2(p, line_index, _get_last_abs_index2(p,line_index+1)[line_index], i)];
//[use: never run]     
//[use: never run]     s3 = _get_last_abs_index2(p,line_index)[line_index];
//[use: never run] 
//[use: never run]     echo("s3");
//[use: never run]     echo(s3);
//[use: never run]     echo("s4");
//[use: never run]     echo(s4);
//[use: never run] }


//s = _test2(params_absolute,len(params_absolute)-1);
s1= _get_last_abs_index(params_absolute, len(params_absolute)-1);

s2= _get_last_abs_index2(params_absolute2, len(params_absolute2)-1);

//echo(s);
//[use: never run] echo(s1);
//[use: never run] echo(s2);


//function _track_last_absolute(p, i, a_pos=0) = 
//    (for(0:1:i) 


function rel_to_abs_positions_mixed(p,p_offset) = [
    for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) rel_to_abs_position_oneline_mixed2(p, i)
];

function _g2_indexer(p) = [for(i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) 
    (p[i][0]=="g2"?
        concat(["a"],[for(j=[1:1:len(p[i])]) p[i][j]])
            :(p[i][0]=="g2x"?
            concat(["ax"],[for(j=[1:1:len(p[i])]) p[i][j]])
            :(p[i][0]=="g2y"?
            concat(["ay"],[for(j=[1:1:len(p[i])]) p[i][j]])
            :(p[i][0]=="g2z"?
            concat(["az"],[for(j=[1:1:len(p[i])]) p[i][j]])
            :concat(["r"],p[i])
            ))))];
            
function polychannel_vol_calc(params, 
    relative_positions=true) = 
            (relative_positions?
                channel_vol_calc(params):
                channel_vol_calc(rel_to_abs_positions_mixed(_g2_indexer(params))));

function polychannel_len_calc(params, 
    relative_positions=true) = 
            (relative_positions?
             //true - relative pos
                channel_len_calc(rel_to_abs_positions_mixed(_g2_indexer(params)))
            ://false
            channel_len_calc(params));
            
function channel_vol_calc(params, pos_index=3) = 
    _add_list_of_vecs(
        [for(i = [1:1:len(param)])  
            1 //place holder
        ]
    );
       
      
       /* 
function channel_len_calc(params,pos_index=2) = [for(i = [1:1:len(params)-1])  
            let(x1 = params[i][pos_index][0],
                y1 = params[i][pos_index][1],
                z1 = params[i][pos_index][2],
                x2 = params[i-1][pos_index][0],
                y2 = params[i-1][pos_index][1],
                z2 = params[i-1][pos_index][2])
    [x1, x2, y1, y2, z1, z2]];*/

    
function channel_len_calc(params, pos_index=2) = 
    _add_list_of_vecs(
         [for(i = [1:1:len(params)-1])  
            let(x1 = params[i][pos_index][0],
                y1 = params[i][pos_index][1],
                z1 = params[i][pos_index][2],
                x2 = params[i-1][pos_index][0],
                y2 = params[i-1][pos_index][1],
                z2 = params[i-1][pos_index][2])
            sqrt((x2-x1)^2 + (y2-y1)^2 + (z2-z1)^2)
        ]
    );
  
function polychannel_final_pos(params, relative_positions=true,pos_index=2) = 
         (relative_positions?
            rel_to_abs_positions_mixed(_g2_indexer(params))[len(params)-1][pos_index]
         :
         params[len(params)-1][pos_index]);

module polychannel_g2(params, 
    relative_positions=true, 
    clr="lightblue", 
    center=true, 
    show_only_shapes=false)
    {
        // needs an additional 0 relative route to 
        // perform correctly
        p = _g2_indexer(params);
        
        polychannel_mixed(p,
            relative_positions=true, 
            clr=clr, 
            center=true, 
            show_only_shapes=false);
    }

module polychannel_mixed(params, 
    relative_positions=true, 
    clr="lightblue", 
    center=true, 
    show_only_shapes=false)
{
    pos = [0,0,0];
    
    params_abs = rel_to_abs_positions_mixed(params);
    
    /*
    for(i=[0:1:len(params)-1])
    {
        if(params[i][0]=="r")
        {
            echo(params[i]);
            params = insert(params,rel_to_abs_positions(params[i]),i);
            pos =+ params[i][1];
        } 
        else if(params[i][0]=="a")
        {
            params = insert(params,rel_to_abs_positions(params[i]),i);
            pos = params[i][1];
        }    
        else
        {
        }
        
    }*/
    
    polychannel_absolute_positions(params_abs, 
        clr=clr, 
        center=center, 
        show_only_shapes=show_only_shapes);  
    //pos_end = [0,0,0];
    //for([0:len(params)-1]){pos_end=+params[0];}
    //return pos_end;
}

module polychannel_route(
    net,
    dev1,
    dev2,
    params,
    relative_positions=false, 
    clr="lightblue", 
    center=true, 
    show_only_shapes=false
    )
{
    polychannel(params,relative_positions,clr,center,show_only_shapes);
}


module polychannel(
    params, 
    relative_positions=true, 
    clr="lightblue", 
    center=true, 
    show_only_shapes=false) {
        if (relative_positions) {
            params_abs = rel_to_abs_positions(params);
            polychannel_absolute_positions(params_abs, 
            clr=clr, 
            center=center, 
            show_only_shapes=show_only_shapes);
        } else {
            polychannel_absolute_positions(params, 
            clr=clr, 
            center=center, 
            show_only_shapes=show_only_shapes);
        }
}

//Sum the elements of a list.
function SubSum(x=0,Index=0)=x[Index]+((Index<=0)?0:SubSum(x=x,Index=Index-1));
function Sum(x)=SubSum(x=x,Index=len(x)-1);

// Module that does the heavy lifting of creating a polychannel. Should be used by calling
// the polychannel() module.
module polychannel_absolute_positions(params, clr="lightblue", center=true, show_only_shapes=false) {
    // echo("len(params)", len(params));
    // echo("params", params);
    if (show_only_shapes) {
        for (i = [0:1:len(params)-1]) {
            // echo("shapes only", i, params[i]);
            color(clr) shape3D(params[i][0], params[i][1], params[i][2], params[i][3], center=center);
        }
    } else {
        for (i = [1:1:len(params)-1]) {
            // echo("with hull", i, params[i-1], params[i]);
            color(clr) hull() {
                shape3D(params[i-1][0], params[i-1][1], params[i-1][2], params[i-1][3], center=center);
                shape3D(params[i][0], params[i][1], params[i][2], params[i][3], center=center);
            };
        };
    }
}


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Fundamental shape creation module for polychannel module.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
module shape3D(shape, size, position, rotation, center=true) {
    a = rotation[0];
    v = rotation[1];
    if(shape=="cube"){
        translate(position) rotate(a=a, v=v) cube(size, center=center);
    }
    else if(shape=="sphr" || shape=="sphere"){
        translate(position) rotate(a=a, v=v)  scale(size) sphere(d=1);
    }
    else {
        assert(false, "invalid shape");
    }
}


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Utility functions.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

// Convenience functions to reduce verbosity of creating a shape-position data structure.
// See examples/shorter_shape_pos_approach.scad.
// To reduce verbosity even further you can define:
// function cs(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = cube_shape(size, position, ang);
// function ss(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = sphere_shape(size, position, ang);
function cube_shape(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = [
    "cube", size, position, ang
];
function sphere_shape(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = [
    "sphr", size, position, ang
];

// Return the final position of the center of the last element for a 
// list of parameters that uses relative position vectors.
function get_final_position(p) = rel_to_abs_positions(p)[len(p)-1][2];

// Exactly what the name says for the first element in a shape/position list data structure.
function set_first_position(p, pos=[0, 0, 0]) = [
    for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) 
        i==0
            ? [p[i][0], p[i][1], pos, p[i][3]]
            : p[i]
];

// Helper functions for rotations in the shape/position data structure list.
function rot_x(angle) = [angle, [1, 0, 0]];
function rot_y(angle) = [angle, [0, 1, 0]];
function rot_z(angle) = [angle, [0, 0, 1]];
function no_rot() = rot_z(0);

// Get all of the relative position vectors from list of parameters.
function extract_all_rel_position_vectors(p) =
    _extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n(params_pos_relative, len(params_pos_relative)-1);

// Reverse the order of a list of parameters with relative positions.
function reverse_order(p) = [
    for (i=[len(p)-1:-1:0]) [
        p[i][0], 
        p[i][1],
        i==len(p)-1
            ? p[0][2]
            : p[i+1][2],
        p[i][3]
    ]
];


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Functions to convert between relative and absolute positions and vice versa in
// a list of shape/size/position/rotation parameters. Note that 
// 'abs_to_rel_positions_keep_first_position()' will keep the first position and
// make all of the other positions relative to it while 'abs_to_rel_positions()'
// will create a relative positions result with the first position at [0,0,0].
//
// Examples
// --------
// params_absolute = [
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [8, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
// ];
// params_relative = [
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [5, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [0, 4, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//   ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [3, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
// ];
//
// // Will be equal to params_relative:
// p_relative_test = abs_to_rel_positions(params_absolute);
// echo(p_relative_test);
// echo(params_relative);
//
// // Will be equal to params_absolute:
// p_absolute_test = rel_to_abs_positions(params_relative);  
// echo(p_absolute_test);
// echo(params_absolute);
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
// function abs_to_rel_positions(p) = [
//     for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) [
//         p[i][0], 
//         p[i][1],
//         i==0
//             ? p[i][2] - p[i][2]
//             : p[i][2] - p[i-1][2],
//         p[i][3]
//     ]
// ];
function abs_to_rel_positions(p, keep_first_position=false) = [
    for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) [
        p[i][0], 
        p[i][1],
        i==0
            ? keep_first_position==true
                ? p[i][2]
                : p[i][2] - p[i][2]
            : p[i][2] - p[i-1][2],
        p[i][3]
    ]
];
function abs_to_rel_positions_keep_first_position(p) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(p, keep_first_position=true);
// Function to add list of vectors. See add2() at 
// https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/Tips_and_Tricks#Add_all_values_in_a_list
function _add_list_of_vecs(v) = [for(i=v) 1]*v;
function _extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n(p, n, pos_index=2) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) p[i][pos_index]
];
function rel_to_abs_position_oneline(p, line_index) = [
    p[line_index][0],
    p[line_index][1],
    _add_list_of_vecs(_extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n(p, line_index)),
    p[line_index][3]
];
function rel_to_abs_positions(p) = [
    for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) rel_to_abs_position_oneline(p, i)
];


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Functions to uniformly increment relative positions. See examples/ascending_arcs.scad.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function uniformly_increase_rel_pos(p, change_vec) = [
    for (i=[0:1:len(p)-1]) let (delta = change_vec/(len(p)-1))[
        p[i][0], 
        p[i][1],
        i==0
            ? p[i][2]
            : p[i][2] + delta,
        p[i][3]
    ]
];
function uniformly_increase_rel_pos_in_z(p, total_pos_change) = 
    uniformly_increase_rel_pos(p, [0, 0, total_pos_change]);
function uniformly_increase_rel_pos_in_y(p, total_pos_change) = 
    uniformly_increase_rel_pos(p, [0, total_pos_change, 0]);
function uniformly_increase_rel_pos_in_x(p, total_pos_change) = 
    uniformly_increase_rel_pos(p, [total_pos_change, 0, 0]);


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Circular arc functions to calculate relative positions along an arc in xy.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_rot_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i, rot_axis) = [
    angle1 + i*delta_angle/n, 
    rot_axis
];
function _calc_arc_xy_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = 
    _calc_arc_rot_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i, [0, 0, 1]);
function _calc_arc_xy_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n), 
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n),
    0
];
function _arc_xy_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    shape, 
    size, 
    _calc_arc_xy_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i), 
    _calc_arc_xy_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function _arc_xy_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_xy_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function arc_xy(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_xy_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n));

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Circular arc functions to calculate relative positions along an arc in xz.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_xz_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = 
    _calc_arc_rot_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i, [0, -1, 0]);
function _calc_arc_xz_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n), 
    0,
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n)
];
function _arc_xz_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    shape, 
    size, 
    _calc_arc_xz_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i), 
    _calc_arc_xz_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function _arc_xz_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_xz_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function arc_xz(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_xz_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n));

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Circular arc functions to calculate relative positions along an arc in yz.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_yz_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = 
    _calc_arc_rot_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i, [1, 0, 0]);
function _calc_arc_yz_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    0,
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n), 
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*delta_angle/n)
];
function _arc_yz_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i) = [
    shape, 
    size, 
    _calc_arc_yz_pos_deltaang_i(radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i), 
    _calc_arc_yz_rot_deltaang_i(angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function _arc_yz_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_yz_pos_rot_deltaang_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n, i)
];
function arc_yz(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_yz_abs_position_deltaang(shape, size, radius, angle1, delta_angle, n));

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Cubic Bezier curve to connect two 3D points.
//  p0 - Initial position
//  p1 - Final position
//  d0 - Tangent of curve at initial position
//  d1 - Tangent of curve at final position
//  n - Number of segments in curve, so number of points in curve is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function c0(p0) = p0;
function c1(p0, d0) = p0 + d0 / 3;
function c2(p1, d1) = p1 - d1 / 3;
function c3(p1) = p1;
function cubicBezier3D_point(t, p0, p1, d0, d1) = 
    c0(p0) * ((1 - t)^3) +
    c1(p0, d0) * 3 * t * ((1 - t)^2) + 
    c2(p1, d1) * 3 * t^2 * (1 - t) + 
    c3(p1) * t^3;
function cubicBezier3D_point_tangent(t, p0, p1, d0, d1) = 
    -3 * c0(p0) * (1 - t)^2 +
    3 * c1(p0, d0) * (t * (2*t - 2) + (1 - t)^2) +
    3 * c2(p1, d1) * (-1 * t^2 + 2 * t * (1 - t)) +
    3 * c3(p1) * t^2;
function cubicBezier3D_one_line(shape, size, t, p0, p1, d0, d1, shape_normal_vec) = [
    shape, 
    size, 
    cubicBezier3D_point(t, p0, p1, d0, d1),
    [
        angle_btwn_vecs(shape_normal_vec, cubicBezier3D_point_tangent(t, p0, p1, d0, d1)),
        unit_vec(cross(shape_normal_vec, cubicBezier3D_point_tangent(t, p0, p1, d0, d1)))
    ]
];
function _cubicBezier3D_list(shape, size, p0, p1, d0, d1, shape_normal_vec, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) 
        let (t=i/n) 
        cubicBezier3D_one_line(shape, size, t, p0, p1, d0, d1, shape_normal_vec),
];
function cubicBezier3D_list(shape, size, p0, p1, d0, d1, shape_normal_vec, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(
        _cubicBezier3D_list(shape, size, p0, p1, d0, d1, shape_normal_vec, n)
    );
function unit_vec(v) = v / norm(v); 
function angle_btwn_vecs( v1, v2) = acos(v1 * v2 / (norm(v1) * norm(v2)));



/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// NOTE: THE ARC FUNCTIONS BELOW ARE OLD AND WILL BE DEPRECATED.
//
// Circular arc functions to calculate absolute and relative positions along an arc in xy.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
//
// Example
// -------
// test_arc = arc_xy_rel_position("cube", [1, 0.01, 2], 4, 0, 90, 12);
// test_params_pos_relative = [
//     ["cube", [1, 0.01, 2], [0, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//     ["cube", [1, 0.01, 2], [0, 2, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]],
//     each test_arc,
//     ["cube", [0.01, 1, 2], [-2, 0, 0], [0, [0, 0, 1]]]
// ];
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_xy_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n), 
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n),
    0
];
function _calc_arc_xy_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n, 
    [0, 0, 1]
];
function _arc_xy_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    shape, size, _calc_arc_xy_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i), _calc_arc_xy_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function _arc_xy_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_xy_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function arc_xy_rel_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_xy_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n));

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Circular arc functions to calculate absolute and relative positions along an arc in xz.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_xz_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n), 
    0,
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n)
];
function _calc_arc_xz_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n, 
    [0, -1, 0]
];
function _arc_xz_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    shape, size, _calc_arc_xz_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i), _calc_arc_xz_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function _arc_xz_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_xz_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function arc_xz_rel_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_xz_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n));

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Circular arc functions to calculate absolute and relative positions along an arc in yz.
// n is the number of segments in arc, so number of points in arc is n+1.
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
function _calc_arc_yz_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    0,
    radius*cos(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n), 
    radius*sin(angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n)
];
function _calc_arc_yz_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    angle1 + i*(angle2-angle1)/n, 
    [1, 0, 0]
];
function _arc_yz_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i) = [
    shape, size, _calc_arc_yz_pos_i(radius, angle1, angle2, n, i), _calc_arc_yz_rot_i(angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function _arc_yz_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = [
    for (i=[0:1:n]) _arc_yz_pos_rot_oneline(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n, i)
];
function arc_yz_rel_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n) = 
    abs_to_rel_positions(_arc_yz_abs_position(shape, size, radius, angle1, angle2, n));


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Example
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
eps = 0.01;

no_rotation = no_rot();
n_segs90 = 10;
params_verbose = [
    ["sphr", [eps, 4, 4], [0, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["sphr", [eps, 4, 4], [7, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["sphr", [eps, 3, 3], [0, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["cube", [eps, 1, 1], [3, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["cube", [eps, 1*sqrt(2), 1], [3, 0, 0], rot_z(45)],
    ["cube", [eps, 1, 1], [0, 2, 0], rot_z(90)],
    ["cube", [3, 1, 3], [0, 3, 0], no_rotation],
    ["cube", [1, eps, 1], [0, 2, 0], no_rotation],
    ["sphr", [eps, 1*sqrt(2), 1], [0, 2, 0], rot_z(45)],
    ["sphr", [eps, 2, 2], [5, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["sphr", [2, 2, 2], [2, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    ["sphr", [2, 2, 2], [0, -4, 4], no_rotation],
    ["cube", [1, eps, 2], [0, -3, 0], no_rotation],
    each arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 2], radius=3, angle1=0, delta_angle=-90, n=n_segs90),
    ["cube", [1, 1, 2], [-2, 0, 0], no_rotation],
    each arc_xz("cube", [2, 1, eps], radius=3, angle1=-90, delta_angle=-180, n=2*n_segs90),
    each arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 2], radius=1, angle1=-90, delta_angle=90, n=n_segs90),
    ["cube", [1, eps, 1], [0, 5, 0], no_rotation],
    each arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 1], radius=1, angle1=0, delta_angle=90, n=n_segs90),
    ["cube", [eps, 1, 1], [-15, 0, 0], no_rotation],
];
function cs(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = cube_shape(size, position, ang);
function ss(size, position, ang=[0, [0,0,1]]) = sphere_shape(size, position, ang);
stay_same_position = [0, 0, 0];
params_with_helper_functions = [
    ss([eps, 4, 4], [0, 0, 0]),
    ss([eps, 4, 4], [7, 0, 0]),
    ss([eps, 3, 3], stay_same_position),
    cs([eps, 1, 1], [3, 0, 0]),
    cs([eps, 1*sqrt(2), 1], [3, 0, 0], rot_z(45)),
    cs([eps, 1, 1], [0, 2, 0], rot_z(90)),
    cs([3, 1, 3], [0, 3, 0]),
    cs([1, eps, 1], [0, 2, 0]),
    ss([eps, 1*sqrt(2), 1], [0, 2, 0], rot_z(45)),
    ss([eps, 2, 2], [5, 0, 0]),
    ss([2, 2, 2], [2, 0, 0]),
    ss([2, 2, 2], [0, -4, 4]),
    each set_first_position(
        arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 2], radius=3, angle1=0, delta_angle=-90, n=n_segs90),
        pos=[0, -3, 0]),
    each set_first_position(
        arc_xz("cube", [2, 1, eps], radius=3, angle1=-90, delta_angle=-180, n=2*n_segs90),
        pos=[-2, 0, 0]),
    each arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 2], radius=1, angle1=-90, delta_angle=90, n=n_segs90),
    each set_first_position(
        arc_xy("cube", [1, eps, 1], radius=1, angle1=0, delta_angle=90, n=n_segs90),
        pos=[0, 5, 0]),
    cs([eps, 1, 1], [-15, 0, 0]),
];

//[use: never run] polychannel(params_verbose, clr="Salmon", show_only_shapes=true);
//[use: never run] translate([0, 25, 0]) polychannel(params_verbose);
//[use: never run] translate([0, -25, 0]) polychannel(params_with_helper_functions, clr="lightgreen");

//[use: never run] echo();
//[use: never run] echo(get_final_position(params_verbose));
//[use: never run] echo();

//[use: never run] let(p=params_absolute2, line_index=1) 
//[use: never run] {
//[use: never run]     s3 = [for(i=[0:1:2]) _add_list_of_vecs(_extract_rel_pos_vectors_up_to_n_mixed2(p, line_index, _get_last_abs_index2(p,line_index)[line_index], i)) ];
//[use: never run] 
//[use: never run]     echo(s3);
//[use: never run] }

//[use: never run] polychannel_g2(params_relative);

//[use: never run] echo("params relative length:");
//[use: never run] echo(polychannel_len_calc(params_relative));

//polychannel_mixed(params_absolute);
// ===== END polychannel_v2.scad =====
// ===== BEGIN lef_scad_config.scad: openmfda_flow cc5dfc5, flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/lef_scad_config.scad (git blob 543022e065) =====

// configuration

layers = [
"met1",
"met2",
"met3",
"met4",
"met5",
"met6",
"met7",
"met8",
"met9"
] ;

platform_config = [
["lpv",   20],
["px",    7.6e-3],
["layer", 10e-3],
["via_w", 14]] ;
// ===== END lef_scad_config.scad =====
// ===== BEGIN lef_helper.scad: openmfda_flow cc5dfc5, flow/results/urinalysis_design_automation/ethyl/base/lef_helper.scad (git blob 2ea70f2611) =====

//[inlined] include <lef_scad_config.scad>

ren_th = 0.1 ;

port_clr1 = "red" ;
port_clr2 = "blue" ;

module lef_obs(geometry, pts, px=0, layer=0)
{
    if(geometry=="RECT" || geometry=="rect")
    {
        %lef_rect(pts*get_config("px"), get_config("layer")*get_config("lpv")) ;
    }
}

module lef_port(port_name="", direction="", geometry="", pts=false, px=0, layer_h=0, layer=false)
{
    if(port_name=="" || direction=="" || geometry=="" || pts==false)
        echo("module def: lef_port(port_name, direction, geom, pts)") ;
    
    if(geometry=="RECT" || geometry=="rect")
    {
        color(port_clr1)
        lef_rect(
            pts*(px!=0?px:get_config("px")), 
            (layer_h!=0?layer_h:get_config("layer"))*get_config("lpv")) ;
        color(port_clr2)
        if(len(pts)==4){
            lef_rect(
            [
            (pts[0]+pts[2])/2-get_config("via_w")/2,
            (pts[1]+pts[3])/2-get_config("via_w")/2,
            (pts[0]+pts[2])/2+get_config("via_w")/2,
            (pts[1]+pts[3])/2+get_config("via_w")/2]*(px!=0?px:get_config("px")), 
            (layer_h!=0?layer_h:get_config("layer"))*(get_config("lpv")-1)) ;
        }
        if(len(pts)==2)
        {
        lef_rect(
            [pts[0],pts[1],
            pts[0]+get_config("via_w"),
            pts[1]+get_config("via_w")]*(px!=0?px:get_config("px")), 
            (layer_h!=0?layer_h:get_config("layer"))*(get_config("lpv")-1)) ;
        }
    } 
}

module lef_rect(pts, th=ren_th)
{
    w  = (len(pts)==2?abs(pts[0][0] - pts[1][0]):
        (len(pts)==4?abs(pts[0] - pts[2]):0));
    h  = (len(pts)==2?abs(pts[0][1] - pts[1][1]):
        (len(pts)==4?abs(pts[1] - pts[3]):0));
    ox = (len(pts)==2?abs(pts[0][0]):
        (len(pts)==4?abs(pts[0]):0));
    oy = (len(pts)==2?abs(pts[0][1]):
        (len(pts)==4?abs(pts[1]):0));
    translate([ox, oy, 0]) 
        cube([w, h, th]) ;
}

module lef_layer(layer)
{
    l_off = get_config("layer") * get_config("lpv") * get_layer_index(layer) ;
    
    translate([0,0,l_off])
        children() ;
}

module lef_size(X, Y)
{
    cube([X*get_config("px"), Y*get_config("px"), get_config("layer")*0.1]);
}

function get_layer_index(x) = search([x], layers)[0] ;

function get_config(prop) = platform_config[search([prop], platform_config)[0]][1] ;



//[use: never run] lef_layer("met1")
//[use: never run]     lef_obs("RECT", [0,0,100,120]) ;

//[use: never run] lef_layer("met2")
//[use: never run]     lef_port("", "", "RECT", [14,14,16,16]) ;
// ===== END lef_helper.scad =====